Sololearn

Sololearn

About This App >

Everyone can learn the latest tech skills. Do you want to practice how to use generative AI, design your own websites or apps, analyze data like a pro, or simply stay ahead in your tech career? Join Sololearn for full access to a complete online collection of FREE tech education! You’ll learn by doing fun bite-sized lessons and exercises, develop projects from scratch, connect with millions of other learners, and earn a certificate to show your new skills off — all from your phone!

Learn:
Know what you want to learn? Choose our brand new premiuim Generative AI in Practice course, or aspiring coders can choose one of our 18 coding courses including Python, Java, C++, HTML, SQL, Angular, and more! Head to one of our 5 guided learning paths for a comprehensive walk-through to gain the skills you need for web development, becoming a Python developer, creating apps with Angular, or fundamental coding foundations! Take the lessons at your own pace, reviewing and practicing as you go. If you have years of experience, test yourself as you refresh your knowledge and practice with our interactive lessons!
Learn by doing with our bite-sized lessons, fun interactive quizzes and practice combined with theory that uses the latest in educational learning science methods to help you understand and use your new knowledge. Then claim your course certificates to share on LinkedIn or wherever else you’d like!

Create:
Practice, create, and design with an exclusive AI plaground and a mobile code compiler! From your phone, you can try generative AI and create code wherever you are. Practice your new skills within your course, or play around with creating simple games and websites you can actually run and share with others.
You can create Python, Java, HTML, JavaScript, C++, C#, CSS, TypeScript, Kotlin, PHP, Swift, C, Node.js, Go, R, Ruby, Angular, and jQuery code directly in Sololearn, anytime, anywhere, as long as you have your phone!

Connect:
You’ve joined a community of millions of learners just like you! Share your knowledge or ask for help when you’re stuck on a problem. Check the Comments section in Lessons for other people’s explanations or questions about the topics, browse the Discuss forums and join in on the conversations as everyone works through generative AI and programming problems together.
Share your original code! You can ask for feedback or give feedback to others directly on code projects. Learn from other’s projects by being able to see their code and the result. Link your GitHub or LinkedIn profile to your Sololearn account! Make it easier to show off your projects and connect with other coders.

What our reviews say:
“I really like this app. It’s a great way to learn how to code, it kinda reminds me of duolingo. So this is a duolingo for we tech folks.” – Julia Aderemi
“it’s literally like duolingo for coding and I love it” – Brayden Williams
“feels just like a game whenever you complete a session and get xp which gives me motivation to continue and also learn a lot from it.” – J1H4
“It is so comprehensive and perfect for beginners! Thanks.” – Hussain Mirzaie

Take your learning to the next level with Sololearn PRO:
100% ad-free experience. Meet your goals without distraction.
Unlimited Hearts and practice. Learn at whatever pace suits you best with unlimited mistakes.
Personalized learning. Get customized challenges, quizzes, and practice from our AI helper, Kodie.
Unlimited assistance from Kodie. Receive hints, code explanations, and more as you learn!

Math Kids

Math Kids

About This App >

It’s never too early to start your child’s education. Preschoolers, kindergarteners, toddlers, and older kids are eager to learn their ABCs, counting, addition, subtraction, and more! The best way to encourage that is to share smart, well-made educational apps and games with them on a daily basis.

Math Kids is a free learning game designed to teach young children numbers and mathematics. It features several mini-games that toddlers and pre-K kids will love to play, and the more they do the better their math skills will become! Math Kids will help preschoolers, kindergarteners, 1st graders to learn to identify numbers and start training with addition and subtraction puzzles. They’ll have a great time completing games and earning stickers, and you‘ll have a great time watching them grow and learn.

Math Kids features a number of puzzles that teach while your child plays, including:

  • Counting – Learn to count objects in this simple game of addition.
  • Compare – Children can build their counting and comparing skills to see which group of items is bigger or smaller.
  • Adding Puzzle – A fun mini-game where kids create math problems by dragging numbers on the screen.
  • Adding Fun – Count the objects and tap on the missing number.
  • Adding Quiz – Put your child’s math and addition skills to the test.
  • Subtracting Puzzle – Fill in the missing symbols in the math problem.
  • Subtracting Fun – Count the items to solve the puzzle!
  • Subtracting Quiz – See how much your child has improved in their mathematics skills for subtraction.

When kids can play while they’re learning, they’re much more likely to recall information. It also makes them want to learn more frequently, which will give them a huge boost when they start kindergarten.

Math Kids also comes with a number of features that help adults monitor and manage their child’s progress. Customize game modes to increase or decrease the difficulty, or check report cards to see scores for previous rounds.

Math Kids is the perfect introduction to the basics of counting, addition, and subtraction. It will teach your toddler, kindergartener, 1st grader sorting, and logical skills along with early mathematics, giving them the perfect foundation for a lifetime of learning.

Note to Parents:
When creating Math Kids, we focused on building the best possible learning experience for children of all ages. We’re parents ourselves, so we know exactly what makes a good educational game, as well as what doesn’t. We released Kids Math as a completely free game with no in-app purchases or third party ads. Math Kids is full featured, frustration free, and ready to go. It’s exactly the kind of educational app we want for our children, and we think your family will enjoy it, too!

Best wishes from the parents at RV AppStudios

ChatGPT

ChatGPT

About This App >

With the official ChatGPT app, get instant answers and inspiration wherever you are.

This app is free and brings you the newest model improvements from OpenAI, including access to GPT-4o, our newest and smartest model.

With ChatGPT in your pocket, you’ll find:

· Advanced Voice Mode–get ChatGPT Plus and tap the soundwave icon to have a real-time convo on the go, request a bedtime story for your family, or settle a dinner table debate.
· Photo upload—transcribe a handwritten recipe or ask about a monument.
· Creative inspiration—birthday gift ideas or create a personalized greeting card.
· Tailored advice—craft a personalized response or talk through a tough situation.
· Personalized learning—explain electricity to a dinosaur-loving kid or easily refamiliarize yourself with a historic event.
· Professional input—brainstorm marketing copy or a business plan.
· Instant answers—get recipe suggestions when you only have a few ingredients.

Microsoft Excel

Microsoft Excel

About This App >

The Excel spreadsheet app lets you create, view, edit, and share your files with others quickly and easily. Create spreadsheets, data analyses, charts, budgets and more while you view and edit workbooks attached to email messages.

Edit documents for data analysis, accounting, finance, or any other fields with confidence. When on the go, your data and office move with you. Create charts, run data analysis and annotate your documents from your phone at any time.

Create formulas and spreadsheets, review your charts or start a budget on the go. Make spreadsheets and data files your way with robust formatting tools and great features. Excel lets you build your charts and spreadsheets to meet your specific needs.

Get data analysis, spreadsheets and business collaboration tools on your phone with Microsoft Excel.

Microsoft Excel Features:

Spreadsheets & Calculations
• Manage charts, budgets, task lists, accounting, or financial analysis with Excel’s modern templates.
• Use data analysis tools and familiar formulas to run calculations.
• Rich Office features and formatting options make your workbook easier to read and use.
• Spreadsheet and chart features, formats, and formulas operate the same way on any device.

Data Analysis
• Chart maker to annotate, edit and insert charts that bring your data to life.
• Data analysis features like Add and Edit Chart Labels to highlight key insights.

Review and Edit
• On the go? Review your Excel files from any device.
• Edit documents, charts and data or update your task list from anywhere.
• Data analysis features like sort and filter columns.
• Create spreadsheets, duplicate, hide, and unhide easily.
• Annotate charts, highlight portions of your worksheet, create shapes, or write equations with the draw tab feature on devices with touch capabilities.

Collaborate and Work Anywhere
• Share files and charts with a few taps to quickly invite others to edit, view, or leave comments.
• Edit and copy your worksheet in the body of an email message or attach a link to your workbook.

Microsoft 365
• Microsoft 365 users can access premium features:
• Chart elements can be added and modified
• Edit custom colors for shapes and formatting.
• Create charts with customised PivotTale styles and layouts.
• Data analysis via data maps.
• Create and edit SmartArt.

Create formulas, edit documents, manage budgets and design spreadsheets with Microsoft Excel today.

REQUIREMENTS:
OS version: running any of the supported versions of Android and have an ARM-based or Intel x86 processor. Support for Kitkat & Lollipop devices will continue till June 2019
1 GB RAM or above
To create or edit documents, sign in with a free Microsoft account on devices with a screen size smaller than 10.1 inches.
Unlock the full Microsoft experience with a qualifying Microsoft 365 subscription for your phone, tablet, PC, and Mac.
Microsoft 365 subscriptions purchased from the app will be charged to your Play Store account and will automatically renew within 24 hours prior to the end of the current subscription period, unless auto-renewal is disabled beforehand. You can manage your subscriptions in your Play Store account settings. A subscription cannot be cancelled during the active subscription period.
This app is provided by either Microsoft or a third-party app publisher and is subject to a separate privacy statement and terms and conditions. Data provided through the use of this store and this app may be accessible to Microsoft or the third-party app publisher, as applicable, and transferred to, stored, and processed in the United States or any other country where Microsoft or the app publisher and their affiliates or service providers maintain facilities.

Document Reader

Document Reader

About this App >

Want to quickly open all formats of files on your phone with just ONE app anytime, anywhere?

Try All Document Reader! This all-in-one file viewer is perfectly compatible with all Office files, helping you easily process files in all formats, such as PDF, DOC, DOCX, XLS, XLXS, PPT, TXT, etc. It can automatically scan the files on your phone, organize them in one place into corresponding folders so that you can search and view them conveniently.

👉Designed by Simple Design, the leading app development team on Google Play, this simple, free, and lightweight PDF viewer/Excel viewer/Docx reader is really worth a try!

📚 Full Featured Document Manager
Folder structure view: easily view PDF, Word, Excel, PPT files, etc. in the corresponding folders.
Easy to view: all documents are listed in one place for easy searching and viewing
Favorites: you can add files to the Favorite list for quick opening
Easy to search: easily search for files within or outside the app

📔 PDF Reader
– Fast open and view PDF files in “PDF files” Folder or from other apps.
– Zoom in or zoom out pages while viewing to get perfect visual effect
– Go to page: jump directly to the desired page
– Share and send PDF files to your friends with a single tap

🧐Word Viewer (DOC/DOCX)
– DOC/DOCX viewer
– A simple list of DOC, DOCS, and DOCX files
– Present all word documents on your phone in the best and fastest way
– Simple and elegant reading interface

📊 Excel Viewer (XLSX, XLS)
– Quickly open all excel spreadsheets
– XLSX, XLS formats are both supported
– A convenient tool to manage excel report on your phone

🧑‍💻 PPT Viewer (PPT/PPTX)
– Excellent PPT/PPTX viewer app
– Present PPT files in high resolution with fast and stable performance

📝 TXT File Reader
– Easily read txt files anytime, anywhere with this powerful documents viewer.

🔄 PDF Converter
– Image to PDF: convert images (JPG, JPEG, PNG, BMP, WEBP) into PDFs
– PDF to image: convert PDFs into images (JPG, PNG) and save directly to your album
– Share the converted files with just one click

🖊️ Add Text to PDF
– Effortlessly add text to PDF files
– Adjust font size, color, layout, position, etc. as you need

👍 FEATURES
✔ Simple and easy to use
✔ Small size and lightweight (12mb)
✔ Sort by names, file size, last modified, last visited, etc
✔ Quick response
✔ No internet required
✔ Rename files, delete files, share files to your friends

🌟 FEATURES COMING SOON
✔ More file formats will be supported, such as RAR, MOBI, HTML, ODT, XML, DOT, ZIP, etc.
✔ File editor
✔ Create new documents
✔ Merge documents
✔ Search text in all documents
✔ Dark mode
✔ Doodle on documents

If you don’t have time to sit in front of your computer to manage your files, you can use All Document Reader. It allows you to read documents on your phone anywhere, anytime. All formats supported!

We will keep working hard to optimize the app and improve the user experience. Please feel free to contact us at [email protected] if you have any suggestions. 💗

All document viewer
Want a simple all document viewer? You can view, edit and share all documents (pdf, excel, word, ppt, txt) anytime with this app. Use all document viewer to easily work with even the most complex documents.

All documents reader
All documents reader is also a powerful editor. With just one click, all documents reader makes it easy to improve your work efficiency! Try all document reader now to organize your documents!

One Read
One Read is a powerful and simple tool. All document reader – one read brings you an efficient work and learning experience!

All-in-one file reader
Are you looking for an all-in-one file reader? Why not try this file reader? It can not only view but edit and manage your documents easily.

Duolingo

Duolingo

About This App >

Learn a new language with the world’s most-downloaded education app! Duolingo is the fun, free app for learning 40+ languages through quick, bite-sized lessons. Practice speaking, reading, listening, and writing to build your vocabulary and grammar skills.

Designed by language experts and loved by hundreds of millions of learners worldwide, Duolingo helps you prepare for real conversations in Spanish, French, Chinese, Italian, German, English, and more.

And now, you can learn Math and Music the Duolingo way!

  • Build real-world math skills – from calculating tips to identifying patterns – and sharpen your mental math in our Math course.
  • Learn how to read music and play familiar songs on your device in our Music course – no instrument required.

Whether you’re learning for travel, school, career, family and friends, or your brain health, you’ll love learning with Duolingo.

Why Duolingo?

  • Duolingo is fun and effective. Game-like lessons and fun characters help you build solid speaking, reading, listening, and writing skills.
  • Duolingo works. Designed by learning experts, Duolingo has a science-based teaching methodology proven to foster long-term knowledge retention.
  • Track your progress. Work toward your learning goals with playful rewards and achievements when you make practicing a daily habit!
  • Join 500+ million learners. Stay motivated with competitive Leaderboards as you learn alongside our global community.
  • Every language course is free. Learn Spanish, French, German, Italian, Russian, Portuguese, Turkish, Dutch, Irish, Danish, Swedish, Ukrainian, Esperanto, Polish, Greek, Hungarian, Norwegian, Hebrew, Welsh, Arabic, Latin, Hawaiian, Scottish Gaelic, Vietnamese, Korean, Japanese, English, and even High Valyrian! And now, learn Math and Music with our newest courses!

What the world is saying about Duolingo⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️:

Editor’s Choice and “Best of the Best” —Google Play

“Far and away the best language-learning app.” —The Wall Street Journal

“This free app and website is among the most effective language-learning methods I’ve tried… lessons come in the form of brief challenges — speaking, translating, answering multiple-choice questions — that keep me coming back for more.” —The New York Times

“Duolingo may hold the secret to the future of education.” — TIME Magazine

“…Duolingo is cheerful, lighthearted and fun…” — Forbes

If you like Duolingo, try Super Duolingo for 14 days free! Learn a language fast with no ads, and get fun perks like Unlimited Hearts and Monthly Streak Repair.

brilliant

Brilliant

About This App >

Sharpen your math, data, and computer science skills in minutes a day with Brilliant. For professionals, students, and lifelong learners alike—Brilliant is the best way to learn. Join over 10 million people and explore thousands of bite-size, interactive lessons that get you hand-on with core concepts in everything from from math and computer science to data analysis and physical science.

Brilliant’s team of award-winning teachers and researches build interactive lessons on so many STEM topics. Build math skills with intro to advanced courses covering algebra, geometry, calculus, probability and statistics, trigonometry, linear algebra, and more. Explore cutting-edge topics like AI, neural networks, algorithms, python, quantum mechanics, and beyond. Whatever math, data, computer science, or science topic you’re looking to skill up in—Brilliant’s got you covered.

BRILLIANT IS THE BEST WAY TO LEARN

  • EFFECTIVE, HANDS-ON LEARNING

Visual, interactive lessons make concepts feel intuitive — so even complex ideas just click. Our real-time feedback and simple explanations make learning efficient. Research shows that interactive learning is 6x more effective than watching lecture videos.

  • GUIDED BITE-SIZE LESSONS

Brilliant makes it easy to stay on track, see your progress, and level up in as little as 15 minutes a day by building your problem solving skills one concept at a time.

  • LEARN AT YOUR LEVEL

Professionals, students, and lifelong learners alike can hone dormant skills or learn new ones. Progress through lessons and challenges tailored to your level. Explore intro to advanced courses in algebra, geometry, calculus, logic, statistics and probability, scientific thinking, physics, quantum mechanics, AI, neural networks, algorithms, python, and beyond.

  • STAY MOTIVATED

Form a real learning habit with fun content that’s always well-paced, game-like progress tracking, and friendly reminders.

What are people saying about Brilliant?

“Brilliant has taught me mathematical concepts that I previously struggled to understand. I now feel confident approaching both technical job interviews and real world problem solving situations.” —Jacob S.

“I am using this app while taking CS classes and it often does a better job at explaining concepts than my professors.” — Erald C.

“Well-organized, well-explained, well-designed. Brilliant is absolutely a good choice if you want to learn or relearn anything objective.” – Joel M.

Send feedback to [email protected].

VISIT US: https://brilliant.org

easy math

Easy Math

About This App >

Are you looking for an AI math assistant app to check all math questions ?

If so, what you need now is definitely a superior Easy math – AI Math Assistant application. All math answers scanner from simple to complex are contained in the Easy math AI math helper app. With this math calculator- photo math solver application, you can convert units, use currency converter, picture math, do basic calculator and advanced calculator. In addition, with camera math scanner, you can get detailed step by step math solution. Besides, there are also many other interesting features below…

NEW FEATURE : READ AND SCAN PDF TO SOLVE MATH

➕Read and Open PDFs: The PDF Math Problem Solver feature allows users to effortlessly access their math problem sets stored in PDF format. With a simple tap, users can open and view their PDF files directly within the application.
➕Scan PDFs: This feature includes an advanced scanning capability that enables users to scan PDF documents seamlessly. Users can utilize their device’s camera to capture math problem sets from printed materials and convert them into digital format for solving.

Easy Math Solver App Features:

➕ AI math scanner for Photo math solver step by step
➕ Scan math by multi-languages
➕ Get math answer scanner by over 150 languages
➕ Basic to Advanced Calculator
➕ AI Math camera: scan math problem and show explanation
➕ Live currency rates & Unit Converter
➕ Show History Search
➕ Friendly user interface


WHY CHOOSE OUR AI HOMEWORK HELPER APP?

✅ User-Friendly Interface
✅ Versatility: Suitable for users ranging from beginners to advanced mathematicians
✅ Time-Saving: Save time with quick and accurate math calculator to your mathematical problems as photo math solver, hand writing
✅ Enhanced Learning: Understand the logic behind math homework answers with step by step math explanations.
✅ Integration of Technology: The power of technology with features: Camera Math, Handwriting

Basic Calculator to Advanced

Perform basic arithmetic, scientific calculations, and handle fractions effortlessly. Users can train brain with some math games as mental math,

Step-by-Step AI math problem solver

Receive detailed, step-by-step explanations for every math answers. Our mental math app breaks down complex problems into digestible chunks to enhance your understanding.

✨Camera Math Scanner:
Say goodbye to manual data entry. Tap to scan math problems for instant solutions. Then AI math tutor will analyze and give user explanations.

✨Write math questions out like on paper:
Write out your math problems directly on the math helper app, and watch as it transforms your handwritten input into accurate solutions.

✨Live Currency Converter & Unit Converter:
Stay updated on global currency converter calculator with real-time exchange rates.
Simplify maths unit converter for a variety of measurements.

✨ Math AI Homework Helper Extraordinaire:
Instantly solve math homework problems with clear explanations for each solution.

End a series of days of stalemate in difficult extra math problems with the magic math super math solver application. Our Photo math- Math Solver App is your passport to seamless math answers. From basic calculator to extra math, enjoy step-by-step explanations, image scanning, and handwriting recognition. Dive into the future of math practice with a versatile calculator, live currency converter, and a reliable ai math solver.

⚠All files access permission
In the math solving feature via PDF files and images. This feature requires user permission to be able to solve problems via PDF files and images. This is the main feature of the application. If permission is not granted, this application feature may not work
Users need to grant permission to read PDF files, then scan and solve math problems

230x0w

Sizzle – Learn Better

About The App >

Meet Sizzle, the free personalized app that uses the power of AI to help learners work through any problem, step-by-step! What sets Sizzle apart is its unique approach: rather than providing answers to problems outright, it guides students through each step, building problem-solving ability and mastery of underlying concepts.

************How to Use************

Just take a picture of whatever problem you’re working through – that includes word problems! – and Sizzle will solve it with you, every step of the way. While it will eventually be able to help you with any question you have, it’s currently best at Sciences like physics, chemistry and biology, as well as Maths like algebra and calculus – it can help you get unstuck on anything that you solve step-by-step.

You can chat back and forth with Sizzle in plain language, asking any questions or clarifications you may need. It’s your own personalized AI tutor, and best of all, it’s free!

What kinds of questions can I ask Sizzle?

You can ask Sizzle help with any homework problem that needs to be solved step-by-step, but right now, it is best at STEM problems (including word problems). Sizzle can help you wherever you’re at in your learning journey, whether IB / A Level, AP, Middle School, High School, College, SAT or ACT.

Some examples of subjects where Sizzle shines are:

Math

– Algebra

– Functions

– Trigonometry

– Statistics

– Calculus

Sciences

– Physics

– Chemistry

– Biology

****************Key Features****************

– Take or upload photo to start problem – Sizzle will automatically recognize your problem, but you have control by cropping and editing the problem before Sizzle starts to solve it

– Solve problems for Math, Chem, Physics, Economics and more

– Solve word problems – solve formula-based or word-based problems, Sizzle can do it all!

– Get step-by-step guidance – Sizzle will solve the problem at each step as you do, and will offer suggestions and recommendations about what the next step is.

– Chat for help and clarification – At any point, if you’re feeling stuck, as Sizzle to explain differently, or to define a term, or just to explain the underlying concepts to you. Sizzle is like a tutor or study buddy here to meet you wherever you on your learning journey.

– Visit past problems in your History tab – revisit past problems to see how you solved them, or share the solutions you worked through with Sizzle with your friends or classmates.

– Learn by doing – we know active learning is the most valuable so get to the answers you need while also deepening your learning and mastery of the subjects you’re studying.

Rtranslator

RTranslator

About This App >

  • Text translation: Translate between 108 languages by typing
  • Tap to Translate: Copy text in any app and tap the Google Translate icon to translate (all languages)
  • Offline: Translate with no Internet connection (59 languages)
  • Instant camera translation: Translate text in images instantly by just pointing your camera (94 languages)
  • Photos: Take or import photos for higher-quality translations (90 languages)
  • Conversations: Translate bilingual conversations on the fly (70 languages)
  • Handwriting: Draw text characters instead of typing (96 languages)
  • Phrasebook: Star and save translated words and phrases for future reference (all languages)
  • Cross-device syncing: Log in to sync phrasebook between app and desktop
  • Transcribe: Continuously translate someone speaking a different language in near real time (8 languages)

Translations between the following languages are supported:
Afrikaans, Albanian, Amharic, Arabic, Armenian, Assamese, Aymara, Azerbaijani, Bambara, Basque, Belarusian, Bengali, Bhojpuri, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Burmese, Catalan, Cebuano, Chichewa, Chinese (Simplified), Chinese (Traditional), Corsican, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dhivehi, Dogri, Dutch, English, Esperanto, Estonian, Ewe, Filipino, Finnish, French, Frisian, Galician, Georgian, German, Greek, Guarani, Gujarati, Haitian Creole, Hausa, Hawaiian, Hebrew, Hindi, Hmong, Hungarian, Icelandic, Igbo, Ilocano, Indonesian, Irish Gaelic, Italian, Japanese, Javanese, Kannada, Kazakh, Khmer, Kinyarwanda, Konkani, Korean, Krio, Kurdish (Kurmanji), Kurdish (Sorani), Kyrgyz, Lao, Latin, Latvian, Lingala, Lithuanian, Luganda, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, Maithili, Malagasy, Malay, Malayalam, Maltese, Maori, Marathi, Meiteilon (Manipuri), Mizo, Mongolian, Nepali, Norwegian, Odia (Oriya), Oromo, Pashto, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Punjabi, Quechua, Romanian, Russian, Samoan, Sanskrit, Scots Gaelic, Sepedi, Serbian, Sesotho, Shona, Sindhi, Sinhala, Slovak, Slovenian, Somali, Spanish, Sundanese, Swahili, Swedish, Tajik, Tamil, Tatar, Telugu, Thai, Tigrinya, Tsonga, Turkish, Turkmen, Twi, Ukrainian, Urdu, Uyghur, Uzbek, Vietnamese, Welsh, Xhosa, Yiddish, Yoruba, Zulu

Permissions Notice
Google Translate may ask for the following optional permissions*:

  • Microphone for speech translation
  • Camera for translating text via the camera
  • External storage for downloading offline translation data
  • Contacts for setup and management of your account

*Note: The app may be used even if optional permissions are not granted.